The Grano Interview Model influenced by Fred E. Inbau, John E. Reid, and Joseph P. Buckley integrates structured questioning, behavioral assessment, and psychological techniques, aiming to guide interviews toward eliciting truthful disclosures while maintaining control and investigative direction.
The Strategic Use of Evidence Model developed by Pär Anders Granhag and Leif A. Strömwall emphasizes withholding and gradually disclosing evidence to elicit inconsistencies, enhance deception detection, and improve the accuracy of suspect interviews through strategic questioning.
The Cognitive Interview Model developed by Ronald Fisher and Edward Geiselman enhances witness memory recall through context reinstatement, varied retrieval techniques, and open-ended questioning, improving accuracy, detail, and completeness of investigative information without leading or coercion.
The PEACE Model developed by Eric Shepherd emphasizes ethical, non-coercive interviewing through structured stages—Planning, Engage, Account, Closure, and Evaluation—promoting accurate information gathering, rapport-building, and fairness while minimizing false confessions and enhancing investigative reliability.
