The Paul Brantingham and Patricia Brantingham Environmental Criminology Integration Model combines spatial, behavioural, and environmental factors to analyse crime patterns. It integrates routine activity, crime pattern, and rational choice perspectives, helping investigators understand offender movement, identify hotspots, and design targeted prevention and investigative strategies.
The Herman Goldstein SARA Model (Scanning, Analysis, Response, Assessment) provides a structured problem-solving approach in policing. It helps investigators identify recurring issues, analyse causes, implement targeted responses, and evaluate effectiveness, supporting proactive crime prevention, community policing, and evidence-based decision-making in investigative and operational environments.
The Derek Cornish and Ronald V. Clarke Criminal Decision Process Model analyses how offenders make decisions before, during, and after crimes. It examines rational choices, risks, rewards, and situational factors, helping investigators understand behaviour, anticipate actions, and develop effective prevention, profiling, and investigative strategies.
The Lawrence W. Sherman Hot Spot Policing Model focuses on identifying and targeting high-crime areas where offences cluster. By concentrating police resources in these hotspots, it enhances deterrence, disrupts criminal activity, and improves public safety, supporting data-driven decision-making and effective deployment strategies in modern investigative and policing environments.
